PARTS OF AIRCRAFT
This page shows the parts of an airplane and their functions. Airplanes are transportation devices which are designed to move people and cargo from one place to another. Airplanes come in many different shapes and sizes depending on the mission of the aircraft. The airplane shown on this slide is a turbine-powered airliner which has been chosen as a representative aircraft.
Its becomes important to newbies , to understand various parts of aircraft and their uses , before jumping on various concepts and theories that actually formed the aircrafts.
Displayed below, are the most important parts or basic parts , which are required to create a stable flight of an airplane in today's time.
Its becomes important to newbies , to understand various parts of aircraft and their uses , before jumping on various concepts and theories that actually formed the aircrafts.
Displayed below, are the most important parts or basic parts , which are required to create a stable flight of an airplane in today's time.
Parts / Terms Description :
1. FIN - Used to improve the balance or stability of the aircraft.Also called vertical stabilizer any of certain small, subsidiary structures on an aircraft, designed to increase directional stability.
2. RUDDER - Direction control of aircraft , in horizontal plane.A movable control surface attached to a vertical stabilizer, located at the rear of an airplane and used, along with the ailerons, to turn the airplane.
3. TAILPLANE - Small wing at back of the aircraft. It is fixed & thus mostly absent in military aircraft.Also called horizontal stabilizer a small horizontal wing at the tail of an aircraft to provide longitudinal stability.
4. ELEVON / ELEVATOR - Part of tail-plane in aircraft, for vertical (altitude) climb and descent.A hinged flap on the horizontal stabilizer of an aircraft, typically one of a pair, used to control the motion of the aircraft about its lateral axis.
2. RUDDER - Direction control of aircraft , in horizontal plane.A movable control surface attached to a vertical stabilizer, located at the rear of an airplane and used, along with the ailerons, to turn the airplane.
3. TAILPLANE - Small wing at back of the aircraft. It is fixed & thus mostly absent in military aircraft.Also called horizontal stabilizer a small horizontal wing at the tail of an aircraft to provide longitudinal stability.
4. ELEVON / ELEVATOR - Part of tail-plane in aircraft, for vertical (altitude) climb and descent.A hinged flap on the horizontal stabilizer of an aircraft, typically one of a pair, used to control the motion of the aircraft about its lateral axis.
5. FUSELAGE - The main part of the aircraft. A cigar shape body to which wings, tailplane & fin are attached.The complete central structure to which the wing, tail surfaces, and engines are attached on an airplane.
6. AILERON - A part of the wings, which are used for turning the aircraft in left or right direction i.e. control its roll movement. These are also moved up and down to control aircraft balance.A hinged surface in the trailing edge of an airplane wing, used to control lateral balance.
7. FLAPS - Part of wings, which are moved up & down to control the altitude movement in sustained and gradual way unlike elevators which does in improper variations.
8. LEADING EDGES / SLATS - The front or forward edge of the aircraft wings. These are generally slotted for generating proper air flow around the wing during take-off and landing.A control surface along the leading edge of a wing that can be extended forward to create a gap (slot) to improve airflow.
9. NOSE CONE - Front part of the fuselage, where RADAR and other navigation , control and avionics equipments are stored.
10. COCKPIT / FLIGHT DECK - Area at the front as a large plane where pilot, copilot sits to control the aircraft.
11. CANOPY - The glass window or covering in fighter aircrafts. These are unbreakable, flexible , movable and sometimes have explosives embedded in them for emergency ejection time.
12. ENGINES - Main and heart of the aircraft. Classified usually as - Turbo Prop, Turbo Jet, Propeller and Pulse Jet. Gives power to aircraft's avionics as well as generates lift to fly the aircraft.
13. ENGINE COWLING - Metal covering for an engine.
14. STARBOARD WING - Right side wing of the aircraft.
15. PORT WING - Left side wing of the aircraft.
16. SPOILERS - It is a part of the wing and sometimes fuselage. As its name is, so is its work, it spoils the sustained flight by increasing the drag of the aircraft and reducing the altitude of the aircraft. It is also used as air-brakes and used in combination with flaps during landings.
17. LIFT - Upward force generated by the flow of air around the airfoil/wing.
18. DRAG - Resistive force experienced by the aircraft body by air due to its forward motion.
19. THRUST - Its the force experienced by the aircraft which helps it to move forward and fly.
The value of thrust and lift components should be higher than weight and drag components for an aircraft to fly.
All the aircraft designs are basically modifying these four components as per the desired requirements and situations. These components are varied, to make a flight either more stable, or Maneuverable or during take-off or landing of an aircraft.
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